Anchor 1 ▼ Baptistery Artist: Francesco Trevisani (cartoons) • The cupola mosaics are of the baptisms of water, desire, and blood Artist: Francesco Trevisani (cartoons) • The pendentives have figures which represent, from the top left clockwise, Africa, Asia, America, and Europe. At the time, these were the only known continents ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ Monument to St. Pius X • Artist: Florestano Di Fausto (design); Pier Enrico Astorri (statue) • Date: 1923 The left relief recalls Pius X's lowering the age for receiving the Eucharist The right relief recalls the learned accepting the church's teaching The left door panel recalls Pius X's reorganizing the Vatican Pinacoteca The right door panel recalls Pius X's reorganizing of liturgical music

Anchor 1 ▼ St. Mary Magdalene Altar Artist: Attributed to Giovanni Baglione • Altar painting is of St. Mary Magdalene

Anchor 1 ▼ Triumphal Arch Artist: Byzantine style Date: Late 500s • The church of Pelagius II (578-590) in 578 originally faced this direction which is why the mosaic is on this side • From left is Pope Pelagius II, St. Lawrence, St. Peter, Jesus, St. Paul, St. Stephen, and Hippolytus. Pope Pelagius II, who built this church, gives a miniature to Jesus. Hippolytus was in charge of the jail that held St. Lawrence. He holds a crown because he converted and then was also martyred. On the far left is Jerusalem and on the far right is Bethlehem. The inscription below notes that Pelagius II built this church

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ St. Jerome Emiliani • St. Jerome Emiliani lived from 1486-1537

Anchor 1 ▼ Tomb of Raphael • This is the Funeral Monument of Raphael • After Raphael's (1483-1520) death he was buried here the next day. He wished to be near his fiancee Maria Bibbiena who is buried in this chapel to the right of the statue • Alexander Pope translated the Latin on the tomb as "Living, great nature feared he might outvie/Her works; and dying fears herself to die." This famous distich was from Cardinal Pietro Bembo (1470-1547) ▲

Anchor 1 ▼ Chapel of Christ's Passion ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▶ ▲ ◀ Interior Church established: 1670 • The church is elliptical in shape and is a combination of polychrome marbles. The dual pairs of fluted red and white cottanello columns support an architrave that bends with the church • The carrara marble pilasters form eight chapels. These chapels were designed by Mattia De Rossi who was an assistant to Bernini • The Corinthian columns have the Pampili dove with an olive branch sitting on them • The arches opening to the side altars are cottanello marble with Sicilian jasper friezes and spandrels

Anchor 1 Chapel of St. Helen ▲ ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ Ceiling

Anchor 1 Gregorian Room • Almost all of the original apse mosaic of 1220, in the main church, has been removed due to the 1747 renovation and later fire. Parts of the original work can be found in this room • There are also many fragments from the basilica before the fire • The side entrance here connects with the Ostian Way. Although this is convenient, the best experience is to enter through the atrium ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ ◀ Niches Artist: Allegretti; Fabi-Altini; Gallori; Maccagnani Date: 1882 • This statue is of the apostle St. Simon the Zealot • The statues of the ten apostles that are found in the niches were created by various artists. The statues of Peter and Paul are under the main arch

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ ◀ Interior Temple to god Minerva: 50 BC by Pompey the Great Original church built over ruins: 741-752 by Pope Zacharias Current Gothic church: 1280-1370 probably by Dominican Friars Sisto and Ristoro based on S. Maria Novella in Florence Renaissance renovation: 16th by Giuliano da Sangallo Baroque additions: 1600 by Carol Maderno Neo-Gothic restoration: 1848-1855 by Fra Girolamo Bianchedi Stained glass windows: 19th • Pope Alexander IV gave the Dominicans the monastery next to the church (1256) and the church itself (1275). This campus became known as the insula sapientae (Island of Wisdom) or insula dominicana (Dominican Island) • Site of two Papal conclaves. Cardinals elected Pope Eugenius IV on March 3, 1431 and Pope Nicholas V on March 6, 1447 • The offices of the Inquisition were established in the convent in 1628. After Galileo was tried for heresy, it was here he abjured his scientific theses of the Copernican theory on June 22, 1633 • The studium was reorganized by Juan Salano, O.P. in 1577 into the College of St. Thomas. French occupation and Italian expropriation moved the school to Sts. Dominic and Sixtus in 1932 as the Pontifical University of Saint Thomas Aquinas ▲

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ Left Aisle

Anchor 1 ▼ Portico ▲

Anchor 1 ▶ ◀ Coronation of the Virgin Aedicule

Anchor 1 ▼ Chapel of Pius IX Artist: Ludwig Seitz Date: 1890 ca. • St. Lawrence is on the right ▲ ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ Chapel of St. Sylvester Artist: Luigi Garzi Date: 1675 • Pope St. Sylvester Shows Constantine the Effigy of the Apostles St. Peter and St. Paul

Anchor 1 ▼ Calidarium • ▲ ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ ▶ ◀ Interior