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Anchor 1 ▼ ◀ Niches Artist: Allegretti; Fabi-Altini; Gallori; Maccagnani Date: 1882 • This statue is of the apostle St. James the Greater • The statues of the ten apostles that are found in the niches were created by various artists. The statues of Peter and Paul are under the main arch ▶

Anchor 1 ▲ ▶ St. Andrew Relic Artist: Bernini Date: 1627 ca. • Each of the four piers are dedicated to an important relic that is housed in the balcony area above each statue. The decorations were designed by Bernini for Pope Urban VIII (1623-1644). Thus Urban's VIII's coat of arms is at the base. The spiral columns are from the altar of old St. Peter's • The relic for this pier is the head of St. Andrew. St. Andrew was one of the twelve apostles of Jesus. The head was given to Pope Pius II (1448-1464) by Thomas Paleologos in 1462. However, Pope Paul VI (1963-1978) returned it to the Greek Church in 1964 ▼

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ Patrizi Chapel

Anchor 1 ▼ Borghese Chapel Artist: Ludovico Cardi Date: 1612 • The cupola is Paradise • Mary and the disciples are around the base. Note that there are craters under Mary's feet as Galileo (1564-1642) had newly uncovered craters on the moon in 1610 • This was probably Cardi's final work

Anchor 1 ▶ ◀ ▼ Calidarium Current renovation: 1600 • This was the bath in St. Cecilia's house where she was kept for three days in order to kill her by suffocation from steam. After surviving, the three attempts that were made to behead her eventually killed her • Cardinal Sfondrati is responsible for the present renovation

Anchor 1 ▼ Square Artist: Bernini Date: 1655-1667 • The two colonnades have 284 columns and 88 pilasters with 88 statues of saints above them • The coat of arms of the benefactor Pope Alexander VII (1655-1667) is found at the end of the colonnades ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ St. Paul Date: 1704-1708 Artist: Pierre-Etienne Monnot • The statue is St. Paul. His symbol is a sword because, as a Roman citizen, he was entitled to death by the sword . • All of the statues in the pillars are of the 12 apostles of Jesus (except St. Paul). These 12 pillars follow Revelation 21:14 which speak of the 12 apostles as the 12 foundations of the new Jerusalem • The dove in the pediment is the heraldic device of the Pamphili. Pope Innocent X (1644-1655), a Pamphili, renovated the nave

Anchor 1 ▼ Chapel of St. Thomas Aquinas Artist: Filippino Lippi Date: 1489-1492 • The fresco is St. Thomas Aquinas Presents Cardinal Carafa to Our Lady of the Annunciation. The annunciation is when Mary is told by the angel Gabriel she is to bear Jesus. In the same space, St. Thomas presents Carafa, the patron of the chapel, to Mary • Near Mary are an olive branch and a carafe, words that create a rebus for Oliviero Carafe's name • Behind the apostles on the right, Carafa's naval conquests are indicated by a giraffe and other rare animals ▲ ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ S. Saba •

Anchor 1 ▼ Life of St. Paul From left to right: Artist: Roberto Bompiani Date: 1857-1860 • Prophecy of Agabus Artist: Cesare Dias Date: 1857-1860 • Paul and James at Jerusalem Artist: Francesco Grandi Date: 1857-1860 • Riot at the Temple • Paul Speaking to the Rioters • These chronologically ordered scenes from the life of St. Paul were intended by Pope Pius IX to replace the Cavallini works destroyed by the fire ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ St. Andrew Altar Artist: Giovanni Baglione • The painting is of St. Andrew

Anchor 1 ▼ Chapel of Pius IX Artist: Ludwig Seitz Date: 1890 ca. • The various coat of arms are of dioceses and institutes that contributed to the chapel ▲ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ ◀ Nave Date: 431-440 • The mosaics date mostly from Pope Sixtus III (432-440) • The mosaics on the left are Old Testament events of Abraham, Isaac, and Jacob Artist: Giovanni Battista Ricci; Baldassarre Croce; others Date: 1593 • The 22 paintings are New Testament events mostly of Mary

Anchor 1 ▲ ▶ ◀ Portico

Anchor 1 ▼ Portico Date: 1742-1743 • The relief is Gelasius Burns Heretical Books • Each of the four reliefs in the portico are events related to this church ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ ▶ ◀ Nave Traditional date of Sessorian Palace: 200s Original church: 300s Pope Gregory II restoration: 715-731 Pope Adrian I restoration: 772-795 Pope Benedict VII builds monastery: 983 Pope Lucio II Romanesque renovation: 1144-1145 Pope Benedict XIV renovation: 1740-1758 by Domenico Gregorini; Pietro Passalacqua

Anchor 1 ▼ Confession ▶

Anchor 1 ▼ ◀ Chapel of Pius IX • This is the entrance to the funeral chapel of Pius IX who is buried below • This is the original area of the church that was built by Constantine (306-337) in 330 and rebuilt by Pope Pelagius II (578-590) in 578. Later Pope Honorius III (1216-1227) added the nave area

Anchor 1 ▼ Portico Artist: Paolo and Filippo Date: Early 1200s • The panels recall how St. Lawrence and St. Stephen appeared to a monk, in 1062, who lived in the monastery attached to this basilica

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ ◀ Chapel of Mary Immaculate and Saints Artist: Placido Costanzi • The painting is Mary Immaculate and Saints