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Anchor 1 ▼ Crucifix Chapel Artist: Francesco Grandi • The painting is Adoration of the Shepherds ▲ ▶

Anchor 1 ▼ ◀ Tomb of Cardinal Adam Easton of Hertford Titular: 1389-1398 Artist: Paolo Romano • Cardinal Adam Easton was English as evident from the English coat of arms in the center of the tomb. The two surrounding coats of arms are his own. • The tomb was once found in another place in the church, destroyed, and in 1891 reassembled in its present location.

Anchor 1 ▼ Apse Artist: Venetian artists of Doge Pietro Ziani Date: 1220 • Jesus is at center with a book that reads "Come blessed of my Father and receive the kingdom prepared for you." From the left are Luke, Paul, Peter, and Andrew. Pope Honorius III, who commissioned the mosaic, is displayed as a tiny figure kneeling at Jesus' feet. It is atypical for the Pope to be displayed in such a humble manner • Below, in the center, is a jeweled cross and instruments of the passion. From left to right are James the Great, Bartholomew, Thomas, Simon, Matthias, Mark, angel, angel, John, Philip, Matthew, James the Less, Jude, and Barnabas. The scrolls have text of the Gloria • Almost all of the original mosaic has been removed due to the 1747 renovation and later fire. Parts of the original work can be seen in the Gregorian Room ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ Ceiling • The coffered ceiling includes the coats of arms of Pope Pius VII (1800-1823), Pope Leo XII (1823-1829), Pope Pius VIII (1829-1830), Pope Gregory XVI (1831-1846), and that of the basilica which is an arm grasping a sword. These were the four Popes from the time of the fire until the reconsecration of the transept

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ ▶ ◀ Pendentives Artist: Baciccia Date: 1675-1676 • The pendentive is Doctors of the Western Church. The pendentives were Baciccia's second work in the church • Below each pendentive is the Farnese coat of arms

Anchor 1 ▼ Caffarelli Chapel Artist: Unknown Date: 1600s • The painting in the center of the lunette is St. Dominic • The paintings on each side of the lunette are Angels (1600s) by an unknown artist ▲ ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ Capranica Chapel ▲ ▶

Anchor 1 S. Maria Maggiore Traditional date: 352 ca. under Pope Liberius (352-366) Current church: 432 ca. under Pope Celestine I (422-432) and Pope Sixtus III (432-440) Apse renovation: 1295 by Iacopo Toriti under Pope Nicholas IV (1288-1292) Rear facade renovation: 1673 by Carlo Rainaldi under Pope Clement X (1670-1676 Interior renovation: 1750 by Ferdinando Fuga under Pope Benedict XIV (1740-1758) • In 352, Mary was said to have appeared to the patrician Giovanni in a dream to indicate a miraculous snowfall on a hill where he was to build a church. He went to tell Pope Liberius of his dream but Mary had also appeared to him and said to look for snow on the Esquiline hill. After finding snow there they built the Basilica Liberiana. This is where S. Maria Maggiore now stands. Although this story is not documented until medieval times, there is mention of a Basilica Liberiana at the time of Pope Damasus I (366-384) • After the Council of Ephesus (431) affirmed Mary as Mother of God (Theotokos) against Nestorius (451 d.), Pope Celestine I (422-432) and Pope Sixtus III (432-440) built this church dedicated to Mary. Because it was the first church in the world dedicated to her, it eventually became known as St. Mary Major

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ S. Cesareo de' Appia •

Anchor 1 ▶ ▲ ◀ Interior Church established: 1670 • The church is elliptical in shape and is a combination of polychrome marbles. The dual pairs of fluted red and white cottanello columns support an architrave that bends with the church • The carrara marble pilasters form eight chapels. These chapels were designed by Mattia De Rossi who was an assistant to Bernini • The Corinthian columns have the Pampili dove with an olive branch sitting on them • The arches opening to the side altars are cottanello marble with Sicilian jasper friezes and spandrels

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ ▶ ◀ Caffarelli Chapel Artist: G. B. Gaulli detto Baciccio Date: 1673 • The painting over the altar is St. Louis Bertrand in Ecstasy •St. Louis Bertrand (1526-1581) was a Dominican missionary who worked in South America • After his canonization in 1671, this chapel was rededicated to St. Louis Bertrand and this painting replaced the previous altarpiece

Anchor 1 ▼ Tomb of Pope Sergius IV Date: 1700s • The monument is Tomb of Pope Sergius IV (1009-1012). It contains fragments from the original tomb

Anchor 1 ▼ Nave Date: 431-440 • The mosaics date mostly from Pope Sixtus III (432-440) • The mosaics on the right are Old Testament events of Moses and Joshua Artist: Giovanni Battista Ricci; Baldassarre Croce; others Date: 1593 • The 22 paintings are New Testament events mostly of Mary ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▲ ▶ ◀ Nave

Anchor 1 ▼ ▶ Tomb of Alexander VII Artist: Bernini Date: 1672-1678 • The monument is Tomb of Pope Alexander VII (1655-1667). The pope prays on his knees while Death holds an hourglass to indicate his life is running out of time. In the front, Charity is the statue on the left and Truth is on the right. In the back, Justice is on the left and Prudence on the right • This is one of the final works of Bernini. Most of the work was completed by his helpers but he perhaps carved the pope's head himself

Anchor 1 ▼ Chapel of the Holy Trinity Artist: Salimbeni • The painting is Baptism of Christ ▲ ▶ ◀

Anchor 1 ▼ ▲ St. Dominic • St. Dominic lived from 1170-1221 • Below the statue is an inscription with the names of those clergy present during the proclamation of the Immaculate Conception of Mary by Pope Pius IX (1792-1878) on December 8, 1854. There are two other inscriptions which also contain names with the final one recording the event itself

Anchor 1 ◀ ▶ ▲ Nave

Anchor 1 ▼ Portico • The panel is St. Paul on the road to Damascus. This is the encounter of Paul with Jesus that changes his life

Anchor 1 St. Nicholas of Bari Aedicule Artist: Unknown Date: 1600s • The painting is St. Nicholas of Bari ▼